Drilling-machine



R. R. SANDERSON. DRILLING MACHINE.

, APPLICATION FILED, JULY H, 191]- 1,377,280. Patented May 10,1921.

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R.R.SANDERSON.-

DRILLING MACHINE. APPLICATIQN FILED JULY 11, 1917.

1,377,280. Patented May 10,1921.

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Patented May 10, 1921.

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' DRILLING MACHINE.

APPLICATIQN FILED JULY :1, 19m.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4 Patented May 10, 1921.

R. R, SANDERSON.

DRILLING MACHrNE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY H, 1917- 1,37'7,28Q. PatentedMay 10, 1921.

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, RAY R. SANDERSON, OF ORRVILLE, OHIO.

. DRILLING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Yatent.

Patented May 10, 1921.

Application filed July 11, 1917. Serial No. 179,972.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

' Be it known that I, RAY R. SANDnRsoN, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Orrville, in the county of Wayne and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drilling- Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in drilling machines, being directed to certain improvements constructed with the view to perfecting the operation with the least loss of time, and with the minimum eifort on the part of the drillmen, and also to providing a form of construction to present maximum strength at the points of greatest strain.

An important feature of the present invention has particular relation to the spudding device. It is desirable in machines of this character to provide for raising and lowering the tools from the hole without the necessity of unthreading the spudder, and it has been heretofore proposed to accomplish this object by placing a clutch in or on the spudder crank shaft, to make it possible to stop the motion of the spudder during the tool pulling or lowering operation by throwing out the clutch. It is well known that the pulling up and dropping of the heavy tools, through motion of the spudder results in a great unevenness of load, and hence the use of the clutch at this particular point has been the occasion of considerable trouble in operation. Furthermore, due to the variation in load strain, the clutches used forthe purpose have to be of considerable strength and size, and hence a great deal of force is required in their operation. The present invention, in the improvement in this particular, consists in providing a clutch or its equivalent at a point, remote from the spudder crankshaft, asfor example in the fly-wheel of the engine, so that the crank shaft, belt, and belt wheels, by which the spudder is operated may be directly governed. From this construction it is possible to provide the crankand crank shaft and belt wheel connected directly thereto as one solid unit, or the practical equivalent thereof, with the result that a materially less strain is imparted directly to the clutch, the clutch may be more easily operated, and is subjectedto less wear, and

the spudding crank shaft, and directly connected parts may be constructed as a mechanical unit, to eliminate breakage or possibility of looseness in operation.

Another feature of the invention is the provision of means for lowering and hoisting the tools, which means are controlled and operated independently of the clutch for governing the spudder. A particularly 1mportant characteristic of this feature of the invention, is the complete independence of the tool raising and lowering means from the spudder and its operative parts,- m that it is possibleby the construction described to operate the spudder and hoist the tools at the. same time, or independently according to the drilling conditions. Furthermore, the independence of the constructions notedpermits the operation of the tool hoisting mechanism in the event of the breaking down of the spudding mechanism. This latter capability is an important advantage, as theftools in the event of the failure of the spudding mechanism, must be removed from the hole without delay, to prevent the cuttings from settling around the tools with the1 consequent difficulty of removing the too s. V

The invention also provides for operation of the bailer mechanism, arranging an independent bailer drum and a simple and effective means whereby such drum may be positively operated and controlled.

An important but specific detail of the in vention, is concerned with an arrangement of the controls for the various mechanisms, so that such controls may be operated through levers convenient to the operator, with such levers of the push-and-pull type, to thus avoid the awkward construction and operation where such levers, or any of them, have to be worked from side to side.

The invention in the preferred form is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation, illustrating the improved drilling machine.

Fig. 2 is a similar view with the derrick elevated for the drilling operation.

Fig. 3 is a plan view, showing the control features of the mechanism. Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the mounting of the spudding device,

Fig. 5 is an elevation partly in section showing the spudding device and drill-cable control.

Fig. 6 is a plan illustrating the spudder connections.

Fig. 7 is a sectional detail.

Fig. 8 is a broken elevation of the derrick.

The well drilling machine as a whole is conveniently mounted upon a main frame, indicated generally at 1, which is preferably mounted upon a wheel base or support for convenient transportation from place to place. As previously noted, the essential features of the present invention reside in a spudder device constr cted to eliminate the necessity of a clutch on the spudder crank and arranged so that it is unnecessary to un thread the spudder when hoisting or lowering the tools; a main cable drum adapted for control independently of the action of the spudder, or of the spudder parts, so that they tools may be lifted from the hole without regard to the condition of the spudder; a

bailer drum or spool properly controlled for comparatively rapid action to permit of a quick hoisting and lowering of the bailer.

T he spudding device and connections.

sential. weakness of a clutch or equivalent connection in the spudder parts.

The spudder proper comprises a pitman 3. carrying at one end usually grooved cable sheave 3, and connected at the opposite end to a crank arm 1, of a spudder crank shaft 5,

mounted in appropriate bearings 6, secured on certain frame bars of the main frame 1.

An auxiliary frame 7 is mounted above the main frame 1 in rear of the spudder crank shaft, and a transverse shaft 8, ismounted in such supporting frame, a sliding cable guide sheave 9, being mounted upon the shaft in alinement with the spudder cable sheave 3. Rocker arms 10 are mounted upon the shaft 8, adjacent the respective ends of the latter, and are connected to the bearing pin 11, carried at the upper end of the pitman 2 and supporting the cable sheave 3. Through the connection of the rocker arms, an up and down movement is imparted to the spudder pitman in the rotation of the crank shaft 5, and as the shaft connected ends of the'rocker arms are mounted above the upper limit of throw of the crank arm 1, it is obvious that the upward travel or movement of the spudder pitman is at a greater speed, than the downward travel of such part. This will be apparent from Fig. 5 of the drawings,

from which it will be noted, that by reason of the length and mounting of the rocker arms the dead center of the pitman with respect to the crank is after the crank reaches its lowest maximum, while the dead center of crank and pitman in the opposite position is with the crank directly at its highest maximum. In other words, a greater sweep of the crank is required to lower the pitman than to raise it. As the distance traveled is the same, it is therefore, apparent that in the upward movement, the spudder must move at greater speed than during the down ward movement. This imparts a quick drop to the tools and is of particular advantage for this purpose.

The main frame 1 is provided with a suitable engine mounting to receive an engine or other motor 12. The main or power shaft 13 of the motor extends in parallelism with the spudder crank shaft 5, and is provided within the limits of the main frame with a fiywheel 14. The power shaft 13 is continued beyond the fly-wheel, and has loosely mounted thereon a band pulley 15, connected by aband or belt 16 with the main band or belt wheel 17 keyed or otherwise secured upon the spudder crank shaft 5, beyond the main frame. A brace 17 connects the power shaft and spudder crank shaft beyond the belt wheels to maintain their rela tive positions. A clutch 18 is arranged intermediate the fiy-wheel and belt pulley 15, preferably in the fly-wheel, the movable member 19 of the clutch being controlled through suitable lever mechanism, indicated generally at 21, through the use of which the band pulley 15 may, through the flywheel, be connected directly to or disconnected from the power shaft 13.

The advantage gained through this con struction, resides in the provision of a spudder crank shaft and band wheel therefor made up in effect as a single unit, so cut there is absolutely no weakening line or element in the spudder crank shaft, and hence no liability to breakage or looseness at this point due to such weakening element, and this result is secured without in any way sacrificing the necessary control of the spudder movement, as the clutch 18 provides the operator with a means whereby he may readily and easily control the spudder move ment, without the necessity of shifting the necessary heavy and cumbersome parts heretofore required in the clutch forming part of the spudder crank shaft connection. The improved construction therefore eliminates any chance for looseness in the spudder-connection or direct driving means, which is important as any looseness in this part under the constant hammering to which these parts are subjectedin the variations of load strain on the spudderwould soon result in a break. The improved crank shaft, crank and band wheel is mechanically speaking a solid unit, though the parts may have a keyed connection, and may be made with direct regard to thestrain to'which it may be subjected.

. The main cable drum.

It is of course necessary, in a drilling machine of this type, that means be provided for raising and lowering the tools, and as in this invention the crank shaft band wheel and driving belt operate only when the spudder is in operation, means other than these parts, must be provided for the control of the tool raising and lowering means. In constructions for machines of a similar type as heretofore provided, and as above noted,

where a clutch mechanism was arranged in the spudder crank shaft, theband wheel and belt operated when the spudder was at rest, and the tool raising and lowering means have been operated through connections,

got-*erned by such band wheel or belt. This is objectionable, as it results in giving an addedduty, to these parts, which are of necessity subjected, in the operation of the spudder, to a duty involving a very large percentage of the work strain on the ma chine. The present structure contemplates and secures the elimination of all duty and work strain on the main belt and belt wheel other than that, of the, operation of the spudder and provides wholly independent means forcontrolof the raising and lowering features.

A mam drum shaft 22 1s mounted on the main frame 1,,below and adjacent the auxiliary frame 7, and on thisshaft 22 is mounted the main cable drum 23. The main cable 24, is teaninally secured to this drum 23, wound about the same, passed over the guide sheave 9 and under the spudder cable sheave 3, and up over the derrick, to be later described. A driving shaft 25 is mounted above the main frame and is provided at the. end remote from the main belt with the gear26. Thedriving shaft 25 is directly operated fromv the power shaft through a gear 27 engaging the gear 26, said gear 27 beingloosely mounted upon the power shaft and adapted to be Connected therewith, or with a fly-wheel 28, through a clutch 29, the movablemember 30 of which is operated through lever mechanism 31 to be later referred to; One end of the main drum 23 is provided with a gear 32, and a pinion 33 is slidably mounted or keyed upon the power shaft through rotating with the latter in all positions. The gear 33 controlled through adjusting lever mechanism 34, to be later referred to, may be moved into and out of meshing cooperation with the cable drum gear 32. It is apparent therefore, from this arrangement that the gear 27 may be connected 'to the power shaft and in turn to operate thedrive shaft 25.

The driving gear 33 may at will be brought in meshing cooperation "with gear 32 of the main drum with the effect tooperate the latter as described.

Brake mechanism.

It is deemedadvisable to give a brief description of the brake mechanism, through the use of which the speed of movement of the drill cable is controlled. This description is merely to give a clearer understanding of the operation of the machine here shown, no claim being made herein to the brake mechanism, as such is described and claimed in a copending application filed by me on the 11th day of July,1917, Serial No.

' For the purpose of the braking operation the cable drum is formed at the end opposite that provided by the gear 32 with a braking drum 3.5 on opposite sides of which are arranged brake beams 36, 37, provided on their inner surfaces with brake linings 38,

adapted to engage the'drum. The lower 'ends of the beams are pivotally'supported at 39, on a bracket 40, secured to the main frame 1, theupper ends of the beams being formed with extensions 41, having rounded depressions 42 in their outer faces. An operating member is provided, comprising sections 43,44, formed to fit the respective depressions, thesemembers being connected by a tie rod 45. The member 43 is adjustable on the rod through a collar 46 threaded on the rod, and-bearing againstthe' member, while theinember 44, 1s plvotally mounted intermediate its'ends at 47, on the terminal of the rod 45. The pivotal connection 4'? isv spaced from the operative end of the member '44, and said member extends beyond the pivotal connection as an arm 48, to be operatedby suitable levermechanism 49. It is apparent that when the member 44 is turned on its pivot in line with the rod 45,

as in Fig. 5, the brake beams 36,37 will be forced together for the braking operation,

'a tilting movement of the member 44 on its pivot 41 "out of line with the rod, permitting a" relative outward movement of the beams to free the drum.

drilling operation. 7

cable 53 wound thereabout.

tive purposes.

T he bailer drum.

The bailer drum is provided for lowering and hoisting the bailer for cleaning out the hole. A bailer drum shaft 50, is mounted in bearings 51, arranged upon the auxiliary frame 7, a bailer drum or spool 52 being secured upon this shaft, and having the bailer The bailer shaft is operated from the drive shaft 25, and for this purpose said drive shaft is provided with a friction wheel as 54:, and the bailer drum shaft 50 with a cooperating friction Wheel 55. The bailer shaft is bodily moved for driving connection of the friction wheels, this bodily movement being secured through the bearings 51 which, as illustrated in Fig. 7 are eccentric, in that the shaft 50 is eccentrically mounted in a bearing disk 56, which disk is rotatably supported in the main bearings 51, and is through the medium of a crank 57 and lever mechanism 58, operable to bodily shift the friction wheel 55 into and out of frictional driving contact with the friction wheel 54. The bailer drum shaft is thus operated at will, it being understood that in its operation the-clutch 29 is actuated to drive the shaft 25. A fixed brake member or back brake 59, is arranged adjacent the friction wheel 55, on the bailer drum shaft 50, so that through the eccentric bearing described the friction wheel 55 may be shifted into contact with the back brake, to hold the bailer elevated or to lower it at desired speed in the hole. I

' Lever controls.

The various clutches and operating members herein described, as for example the lever mechanisms 21, 31, 34, and 58 and the brake mechanism, are by reason of the par ticular construction described capable of being operated from one end of the machine through a series of rods as 60, 61, 62, 63, and 64:, respectively, and each and all of these rods moved longitudinally for opera- Therefore, these rods may be directly connected to ordinary hand levers to be shifted by a direct forward and rear movement, to thereby avoid the complica-- tion and awkwardness ordlnarily incident to drilling machinery, wherem some or all of the operating levers, by reason of their connection to the controlled parts and their positions on the frame, can only be operated by sidewise movement.

As an entirety, the improved construction provides a drilling machine in which the spudding device is constructed to avoid the necessity of unthreading when lowering or hoisting the tools, and at the same time obviating use of the clutch in or adjacent the spudder crank, with the result that the fullnecessary operating advantage is obtained, while providing a single unit structure, so that the parts are of maximum strength. The spudding device is operated independently of any other part of the machine, permitting its use alone, or if necessary, at the same time when other parts of the machine are in operation. The hoist or main cable drum is geared directly to the engine, and is entirely separate from any mechanism having relation to the operation of the spudder whereby it is possible to hoist or lower the tools, without regard to the spudder mechanism, and even if such spudder mechanism becomes inoperative. The bailer drum and cable are controlled through a simple type of shifting mechanism wholly independent of any other detail of the structure and may be actually and readily controlled through the operation of a single lever. All operating levers are by the arrangement of the parts of the push and pull type and the rods connecting these levers with the operating parts are arranged to leave the top of the machine wholly free therefrom with the rods entirely out of the way.

Of course it is to be understood that means are provided for driving the wheeled frame on which the parts are mounted, and for steering the same, and that the usual derrick, as 64: carrying the cable sheaves 65, 66, for the tool and bailer cables, is mounted on the main frame, so that it may be turned down. into inoperative position longitudinal of the same when not desired for use, or elevated as an operative derrick when desired, as clearly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, is

In a drilling machine. a motor, a power shaft operated directly thereby, a fly wheel carried by said shaft on each side of the motor, a clutch mechanism adjacent each fly wheel and beyond the same relative to the motor, a frame work for supporting the machine and having the bars thereof arranged beyond the fly wheels, the shaft being extended in one direction beyond the frame work, a belt pulley mounted on the extended portion of the shaft and controlled by the adjacent clutch, a spudding mechanism comprising positively connected parts operated by said belt pulley, and hoisting mechanism operated by and entirely controlled through such other clutch.

In testimony whereof I afliX my signature.

RAY R. SANDERISON. 

